Frequently Asked Questions |
Frequently Asked Questions |
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Q. What is internal resistance of a battery ?
A. Part - or most - of the loss in charging and discharging batteries is due to internal resistance. This is converted to heat, which is why batteries get warm when being charged up. The lower the internal resistance, the better is the energy out put from the battery. |
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Q. What is a battery ?
A. Battery is a multiple combination of electrochemical cells. Battery does not make electricity but stores it for future use. |
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Q. How to select a battery ?
A. For selecting a battery for an application, it is important to know the requirement of the application. A battery for starting an Automobile is different from that used for starting a Railway Diesel Engine. Both are starter batteries but are different construction base on the end use. A battery can be for a small period of discharge, while others can be for longer discharge duration. |
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Q. What is maintenance free battery ?
A. Maintenance is a combination of activity – out of which replenishing the lost water from the battery is commonly called maintenance. So a maintenance free type of battery does not need and leveling or topping up, but still maintenance will call for check of cell voltage, for tightness of connector etc. |
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Q. What is battery charging ?
A. Batteries get discharged, when it is used – it gives stored energy to external loads. The energy is replenished to the battery with the help of battery charger. |
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Q. What is a battery charger ?
A. Battery charger has a step down transformer, a rectifier bridge circuit to convert AC electricity to DC. Control electronics to control the charge process.
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Q. What is float charging ?
A. This is a method of charging at constant potential at a low rate accomplished by connection of the battery to a bus whose voltage is slightly higher than the open circuit voltage of the battery. Charging current in milliamps passes through the battery. This prevents the battery from self-discharge. This type of charging is done for stationary battery banks, which are discharged occasionally. |
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Q. What is opportunity charging ?
A. Opportunity charging or Boost charging means partial charging, usually at a high rate for a short period. It is done for Traction Battery when the battery capacity is not sufficient for the full days work. |
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Q. What is a refresher charge ?
A. Refresher charges are required if a valve-regulated lead acid battery is disconnected from the float voltage for prolonged periods, or a new battery is stored for a longtime before it is commissioned. Usually a refresher charge is recommended every 6 months. |
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Q. How is the charging done for deep cycling batteries ?
A. Deep cycling battery is charged at constant current in the first step. The current can be 10 percent of the battery rated ampere-hour.This step is called the bulk charge and about 80 to 90 percent of the charge is replenished in this step. The next step is done at constant potential and the step starts when the cell voltage reaches the gassing voltage of 2.35 volts. The current drops in the constant potential step and when a charger factor between 1.15 and 1.25 is reached the charge can be terminated. This can be considered as the service charge. |
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Q. What is equalizing charge ?
A. The cells acquire a varying state of charge after the service charge. This will gradually build a difference between the cells and is read by the specific gravity check. The specific gravity reading difference between the cells should not be allowed to go beyond 30 units and shall be put on equalizing charge. This is constant current charge done at 3 to 5 percent of the cell ampere-hour. The charge terminated when three hourly readings of specific gravity corrected to reference temperature does not indicate any increase. |
